Cup handling machine



cup HANDLING MACHINE '7 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed April 8, 1949 5% Nb \m%QM/um 8w y ."U" .H" +2 :55 07m m, N mm QQN W 9 g B l l .q., .H. u WW QQFr wmmw rim Kw mu no |U w.

5 o c A d 2, 1952 J JORDAN CUP HANDLING MACHINE 7 Sheets-Sheet 2ATTOZNEY Filed. April 8, 1949 2, 1952 J. JpRDAN CUP HANDLING MACHINE '7Sheets-Sheet 3 Fired April 8, 1949 INVENTOR. BY dAcoe Jozmom 4 ATTOZNEYDec. 2, 1952 J. JORDAN 2,619,701

CUP HANDLING MACHINE Filed April 8, 1949 7 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR.JAcoe dozaolu BY @YJ f ATTORNEY J. JORDAN CUP HANDLING MACHINE Dec. 2,1952 Filed April 8, 1949 7 Snags-Sheet 5 'INVENTOR. JAcoB JozooNATTORNEY a. 11 4.8 4 v 1 asi Dec. 2, 1952 JORDAN CUP HANDLING MACHINE 7Sheets-Sheet 6 Filed April 8, 1949 I \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\A r INVENTOR.JAcos JozpoN p m i u 7 n \t ATTOINEY Dec. 2, 1952 J, JORDAN 2,619,701

CUP HANDLING MACHINE Filed April 8, 1949 7 Sheets-Sheet 7 II/IIIII/IIIIIII/IIIIIII INVENTOR. 'JAcoB JozDoN ATTORNEY Patented Dec. 2,1952 CUP HANDLING MACHINE Jacob Jordan, New Castle, Pa., assignor, bymesne assignments, to Peoples First National Bank & Trust Company,Pittsburgh, Pa., a national banking association Application April 8,1949, Serial No. 86,260

Claims.

This invention relates to a machine for formin handled cups or otherhollow ware of china and like ceramic ware, and more particularly, to amachine which automatically turns and shapes the outer surface of ajiggered cup body, trims cast cup handles to fit the handles to thecontour of thecup body, and then sticks the handle accurately to theturn-ed cup body.

Heretofore the above operations in forming and handling jiggered cupshave largely been manual operations in ceramic plants. That is, to forma cup, plastic clay is jiggered in a suitable jigger mold to form arough cup blank of green ware, in which the inside of the cup is shaped.The blank is then placed in a suitable drier to dry and temper the greenware until it iss-uitable for turning. The green cup blank is thenplaced on a chuck in a turning lathe, where a turner, using a series ofshaped-edge gouges, manually forms the foot, the outer contour of thecup, and the rim of the cup; although the rate of out is much fasterbecause the material is softer, the turning operation does not initiallyappear to be too dissimilar to the hand turning of wood, rough andfinish cuts being taken and car-e having to be exercised to avoidtearingand spoiling the work due to chattering of the tool and thetaking of rough cuts which are too deep. r V

Because turners are the most highly skilled, and, therefore, the mosthighly :paid workers in clay fabricating shops, numerous efforts havebeen made to develop automatic clay turning machines similar toautomatic wood turning machines. S-uch efforts have not been successful,.however, due to the failure to appreciate the different toolmanipulations required in turning soft: green clay.

The handles for jigg'ered and turned cup bodies as described above areusually cast in multiple cavity casting molds. When removed from thecasting m-old'and tempered by partial, but not complete, drying, theends ofthe handle blanks are enlarged. These enlarged ends are pared andtrimmed with a hand knife to provide a shar-p edged, generally curved,surface transverse to the general plane of the handle and conforming tothe contour of the outer surface of the cup body at the points where thehandle is to be placed. This is slow, painstaking, and tedi- 'ous work,even th-ough the girls who generally perform it are not .rated as beingas highly skilled as the cup turners mentioned above. Even. skilledhandle trimmers cause a considerable amount of spoilage. The enlargedends of the handle-blanks a-renever uniformly dried and tempered; thecenters of the enlarged end portions are soft and, frequently, stillliquid at the time the blanks are trimmed. Such soft centers will causethe knife to slip and spoil the piece as it is held and out against thethumb. Efforts have been made to develop machines fortirrnming handles,but as yet none had been able to duplicate the instructive skill inmanipulating the trimming knife and supporting the trimmed edge with thethumb, as is developed in the manual operation.

After the cup bodies are turned and theham dles trimmed, the trimmedends of the handles are dipped in an adhesive clay slip and stuck byhand on the cup bodies. The green ware is then sponged and placed on thedrier tray for final drying before firing. Because the contour of thecup body and the contour of the trimmed handle are determined by the eyeof the artisa substantial variations in these contours were inevitablyencountered. A girl sticking handles can usually adjust the position ofthe handle on the cup bodies so that the contoured surfaces will mate,but, as would be expected, a number of trimmed handles must be discardedbecause of improper contour and a number of handles are crookedlyplaced. So far as is known, no one has yet attempted to provide amachine for accomplishing the manual operation of sticking a trimmedhandle to a cup.

It is the object of this invention to provide a machine which willautomatically accomplish the foregoing operations of turning thecupblank, trimming the cast handle, and sticking the trimmed handle tothe cup body, only relatively unskilled labor being required to load andunload the machines and to sponge the ware. It is an advantage of myinvention that, not only is more precisely contoured ware with straighthandles produced, but spoilage is reduced and the labor involved isgreatly reduced. For example, whereas the former operation of trimmingand sticking the handles and spong-ing the ware alone (disregarding thelabor of turning the ware) was most efliciently performed with a crew ofthree girls who handled an average of dozen cups per shift, a crew offour, 1. e. a cup blank loader, a handle blank loader, and unloader anda sponger can produce 400 dozen cups per shift with my machine. Mymachine also has the further advantage of eliminating the labor andmaterial handling equipment (e. g. conveyors, trucks, trays, etc.)involved in transferring the turned cup from'the turner to the will beapparent from the following specification and drawings of a preferredembodiment of my machine, in which Fig. 1 is a plan view of a machinemade according to my invention.

Fig. 2 is a vertical "section taken along the line 2--2 of Fig. -1.

Fig. 3 is a vertical section taken along the line 3--3 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a detail elevation, from the planes of the line 44 of Fig. 3,of the turning station and cam shaft assembly.

Fig. 5 is a detail elevation, from the plane of line 55 of Fig. 4, ofthe cup'turnirig tool, cam, and cam-follower linkage.

Fig. 6 is a detail elevation, from the p lane of the line 6-6 of Fig. l,of the lip turning tool, cam, and cam-follower linkage.

Fig. '7 is a detail elevation, from the line 5-4 of. Fig. 4, of thefoot-facing tool, cam, and cam follower linkage.

Fig. 8 is a detail elevation of the cup sticking cam taken from the.plane'of the line 88 of Fig. 2..

Fig. 9 is a detail section at the handle trimming station taken alongthe line 99 of Fig. 10.

Fig. 10 is a detail elevation at the handle trimming'station taken fromthe plane of line I fJ-I i! ofFig. 2.

Fig. 11 is a detail in section taken from the line I I II of Fig. 9.

Fig. .12 isa detail cross-section taken along the lineI 2-I 2 of Fig. 9.

Fig.'13 is...a detail cross-section taken along the line It of Fig. 1.

Turrets and turret drive In the drawings, in which like referencecharacters refer to like parts, my machine comprises a general frame andcase I on which aremounted a cup turret 2 and a handle turret '3. Thecup turret 2 is provided with suitable cup chucks intermittently indexedfrom the cup loading station A to the turning station B to the handlesticking station and thence to the handled cup unloading station D. Thehandle turret 3 is likewise provided with suitable chucks intermittently(and synchronously with the chuck of turret 2) indexed from the handleloading station E to the handle cutting station F to the handle dippingstation G and thence to the handle sticking station C, where the orbitofthe handle turret 3 intersects the orbit of the cut turret 2 and thehandle carried .by the turret 3 is applied to the cup carried by theturret 2; It is at this station 0 that each handle-carrying chuckreleases the handle carried by it from the handle loading station E inorder to permit the handle to be carried on its cup to the cup unloadingstation D.

The turrets 2 and 3 are mounted upon and indexed by turret shafts 2B and39 stepped'in the casing I. Synchronous indexing of the shafts 22 and 30and their corresponding turrets is obtained by the large shaft gears 2|and SI which mesh with the jack shaft gear I I mounted on the jack shaftIll. (See Fig. 2.) The jack shaft if] is intermittently indexed through90 by means of the Geneva gear I2 which is mounted on the jack shaftIll. The Geneva gear I2 is driven (see Fig. 3)'by the single rollertooth I3 of the Geneva pinion I4 mounted on the constantly rotating maindrive shafts I5, which is driven by sprocket and chain drive I6 from themain driving motor II. In addition to synchronously indexing the turrets2 and 3 intermittently through by the above described Geneva drive andcommon jack shaft, the main drive shaft i5 also drives the handle turrettiming mechanism by means of the small timer sprocket I8 and thecup-turning tool cam shaft drive by means of the cam shaft powertakeeoff'gear I9, the construction and operation of which mechanismswill be more fully described below.

Cup loading and turning stations ihe'cupturret 2 carries fourhorizontal, suitably journaled spindles 22, each carryin a friction gear23 mounted on the spindles between spindle bearings carried by thehousing 24 of the rotatable turret 2, the turret housing 24 beingjournaled for rotational movement on the bearing ring 25 carried by thecasing I. As shown in Figs. 2 and 3 of the drawings, the lowerperipheries of the spindle friction gears 23 extend through suitableslots in the base of the turret housing into the annular space providedbetween the bottom of the turret housing andthe adjacent top of thecasing I. Mounted on the ends of the spindles '22 which project beyondthe turret housing 2 3 are the cup chucks 26 on which the green jiggeredcup blanks 4 are mounted at the cup loadin station A.

The cup chucks'it are simply turned hardwood blocks having the desiredcontour of the inside of the-finishedcup 8 which is eventually to beproduced. The tempered cup blank 4has been previously jiggered sothat'thecontour of its inside surface is substantially the same as thecontour of the outside of the cup chuck 26. To mount the cup blank ti onthe chuck 26, the blank is simply pressed on the mating surface of'thespinning chuck until, the blank being rather loosely held in the loadershand, the frictional grip and adhesion of the blank 4 to the chuck 26turns the blank in the operators hand. The blank isthereby'securely'held on the chuck for the subsequent turning andhandling operations.

To spin the chucks 26 at station A and effect the loading of the cupblanks on the chucks 26, a friction gear 21 is hung beneath the top ofthe case I in suitable bearings so that the upper periphery of the gearwill extend, through a suitable slot in the case, into the annular spacebetweenfthe turret housing 24 and case I, where the gear 21 contacts, indriving engagement, the periphery of a spindle friction gear 23. Thegear 21 is driven continuously by a friction drive-gear 28 on the shaftof the cup turret spindle drive motor 29 mounted in a suitable housingin-the case I. As the turret 2 is indexed so that an unloaded chuck 26is brought to station A, its spindle gear 23 is, therefore, brought intodriving engagement with the constantly driven friction gear 21, whichbrings the spindle 22 up to speed and continues to drive the spindle solong as it remains at station A. g

As a spindle 22; its chuck-26 loaded with a cup blank 4, is indexed tothe cup turning station B, it may decelerate somewhat, but it isquicklybroughtback up to speed asits gearengages the friction gear 41, hung atstation B in a manner similar to the mounting of the friction gear 21 atstation A, The friction gear 41 (see Fig. 3) is driven continuously by afriction drivegear 48, which, in turn, is driven by the flexible'shaft49, which is bent around the turret shaft 20 and'connected to the shaftof the spindle driving motor 29.

Atthe cup turning station B the jigge'red cup blank' I is engaged andcut'by the cup body turning t'ool40, mounted. on its compound cam leverscomprising-the advancing lever 4| and the oscillating. lever .42. Thebody turning tool 40 shapes the outside of the cup blank 4 to the de-'sired outside contourof the cup body. As the turning tool 40 reaches itsmaximum advanced position to make its'finishing cut, the lip turningtool 43, mounted on its cam lever 44 and the foot facing tool 45,mounted on its cam lever 46, are advanced to turn the lip and finish thefoot of the blank 4. Upon completion of the cuts made by the tools 43and 45, all the turning tools 40, 43, and 45 are retracted, the cupblank 4 having been turned and becoming the cup body 5, and the turretis indexed to carry the turned cup body to the handle sticking stationC.

Theadvancement and retraction of the several cup turning tools withinthe period a spindle 22 remains at .the turning station B is controlledbyxthe several tool cams mounted on the tool camshaft 50, which isdriven through the bevel gearing 5| by the cam jack shaft 52. The camjack shaft 52 is, in turn, driven by its gear 53 which'meshes with thecam shaft power take-off gear ,|9, mounted on the main drive shaft l5,as stated above. The several tool operating cams are indexed in the .camshaft to operate as stated above and are as follows (referringparticularly to Figs.-4 to 7):

The cup body turning tool 40 is operated through its compound levers 4|and 42. The tool advancing lever 4| is pivoted on the bracket 54 andcarries'the roller follower 55 which follows the disk cam 55 to raiseand lower the pivoted oscillating lever 42, the follower 55 being heldonthe edge of the cam 56 by the tension spring 51. The cam 56 issubstantially an eccentric cam and may be provided with a slight dwellat its locus of maximum throw to provide a finishing cut as the tool 40reaches its maximum advance. The end of the cam lever 4| carries thepivot 58 for the oscillating cam lever 42, on the upper end of'which thecup body turning tool 40 is mounted. The lower end of the cam lever 42is provided with a roller follower 59 which engages the .edge of thescalloped disc cam 60, the follower 59 being held against the cam 64 bythe tension spring 6|.

'Asis apparent from the foregoing and from Fig. 5 of the drawing, thecam lever 4| carries the oscillating lever 42 to raise and lower andthus advance and retract the cutting tool 40 to trim oil the excess clayin the cup blank 4. However, as the tool 40 is advanced by the lever 4|,it 'is'also oscillated about the pivot 58. The effect of the oscillationof the tool 45 is to roll the tool axially along the surface of theblank 4 being cut, so that at any one instant, only a relatively shortportion'of the contoured cutting edge of the tool 40 is in actualcutting and shearing contact with the clay of the blank 4. The effect ofthe oscillation of the tool 40, therefore, is to produce, withoutactually advancing the tool axially, an axially advancing helical outsimilar to that taken when cups are turned manually and the turner moveshis manually held tool axially. By this means this invention avoids thetearing of the clay and slippage on the chuck which has heretofore beenencountered when it has been attempted to turn the cup with a contouredtool corresponding to the desired contour of the cup body. It is to benoted that the contour of the cutting edge'of the tool 44 (Fig. 5) doesnot correspond tothe cut surfacelof the blank 4 but is an evolved curve.based upon, the desired contour 6 of the cup wall but modified bytheefiect of the oscillation andadvancement of the cutting tool.

The turning of the lip of the cup is normally the last operation in theturning of a cup body by hand, but in this machine it may be performedsubstantially with the foot-forming operation. Because only a narrow cutis taken in turning the lip, no oscillation of the tool is necessary,nor is the reversal of the spindle necessary, as is customary inhand-turning, the lip out being taken by the hook-shaped cutting edge ofthe tool 43 as it is advanced by its lever 44. The lever 44 is offsetfrom the center line of the spindle 22 to extend through a suitableopening in the case where its advancement and retraction is controlledby the lipturn.ing cam 62, the lever 44 being pivoted on the pivot 63and provided with a roller cam follower 64. The follower 54 is heldagainst'the edge of the cam 62 by a suitable tension spring 65. Becausethe movement of the lip turning tool 43 is a simple advancement andretraction, the cam 62 is substantially an eccentric disc, as shown.

The foot in the cup blank 4 is formed by a face cut, preferably taken bythe foot facing tool 45 substantially simultaneously with the lipturning operation. The foot facing tool lever 46 is offset oppositely tothe offset of the lip tool lever 44 and extends through a suitableopening in the casing where its advancement and retraction is controlledby the foot facing disc cam 66, the lever 46 being pivoted on the pivot61 and provided with a roller follower 68. The follower 68 is heldagainst the end of the disc cam 65 by means of a suitable tension spring69. (The several follower-operating tension springs 6 65, and 69 areomitted in Fig. 3 for sake of clarity.) Because the blank 4 exertslittle torque upon the foot facing tool 45, the tool 45 is contoured tothe desired contour of the foot, the tool being advanced at the desiredrate and then held at its point of maximum advance by the dwell shown inthe cams 66 in order to provide a finish cut.

Cup handling turret and handle chuck arm timing Since the turned cupbody 5 indexed-from the station B is prepared to receive the cup handleat the station C the preparation of the cup handles will be described asfollows:

The cup handle turret 3 carries four handle chuck arms 10 spaced at withrespect to each other and pivoted Within the cup turret housing H. Thearms 10 extend outwardly through the housing to support the handlechucks 90, the arm openings in the housing 1| being closed by theflexible boots 12. The chucks 90 overbalance the arms 10 and would pullthem to an angular position below the horizontal positions shown in thedrawings but for suitable stops provided at the several handle stationsE, F, and G and the engagement of the cut handle I with the cup body 5at the handle sticking station C, where the overbalancing weight of thechucks 90 serves to press the cut handles against the cup bodies.

Justbefore the turret 3 is indexed to advance the chucks 90 to thesucceeding stations, however, the arms ll] are pivoted to raise thechucks above the horizontal positions shown and to maintain the chucksin such elevated positions until just after indexing of the turret 3 iscompleted, at which time the chucks 90 are lowered to their operativehorizontal positions.

The raising and lowering of the chucks 90, to permit the indexing of theturret 3 without damage .to the chucks and the handles carried thereby,-is accomplished by'm'eans of the -tappets 13 which are urgeddownwardlybythe 'c'omp'ression springs *Hl engaged between suitable I collars ion-thetappets and the base "of the housing '19 "in which the tappets arejournaled for vertical-sliding movement, downwardmovement of the tappets13 being limited'by engagementof the'collars '15'With the timerringbearing 'collar "16 'which is fixed to and rotates withthe turret shaft30.

The tapp'ets are provided at their lower ends with suitable'followersand; at each of the handle turret stations, c'onst'antly'rotating tappetcams l1, mounted on axles hung from the casing l, are located below theindexed tappets. The tappet cams 'll 'are so indexed ontheir axles thattheir minimum throw surfaces are uppermost as the turret 3 'is indexed.Thus, as the falls of the cams 7! lower the tappets E3, the tappet headsengage the ends of the arms "it 'andraisethe chucks it. When'th'eturretfi is indexed, the tappet followers each leave one tapp'et cam l?and become located over the tappet'cam ".l at thesuoceeding station.Then, with :the several tappets positioned, the rises'of the tappet'camand become located over the tappet cam ii at springsl i and lowering thechucks 88 to their operative'horizontal positions as shown.

The rotation of the-tappet cams '51? is accomplished by means of thebeveled spiderpinions it which are driven by the ring bevel gear 79 ofthe timer ring'alli, which is rotatably 'journaled on the'timer ringbearing collar 56. The timer ring 39 is provided with the large sprocketgear 3! which'is driven-by the main drive'shaft it; through the smalltimer sprocket l8 and the sprocket chain 522. The gear ratio ofthe-drivefrom' the main drive shaft if: to the tappet cams il 'issuchthat the cams 'l'i make four revolutions" during each cycle in which theturret 3 isindexed through 360 or, in other Words, the cams i1 make onerevolution during each index phase.

Handle chuck As best shown in Fig. 9, the handle chuck'dfi comprises ahub '83 mounted on the arm i0 and which carries a rotatable plate 84mounted on a bearing 85 press-fitted into the hub 83. The plate 84carries a spring-pressed ball 85, which, when engaged in its matingrecess in the hub 83, latches the chuck casing 87 (carried by the plate84) in its normal position shown in the drawings. A sharp tug, however,permits the plate 84 and its casing 81 to be rotated in the bearing 85.

Extending lengthwise in the casing 31 is the suitably journaled mainchuck jaw shaft 9i provided along its inside and toward the rear of thecasing with a spline 92. At the forward end of the casing 81, the mainjaw shaft 9| is provided wth a jaw pinion 93 and between the pinion 93and the spline 92, the shaft 9| runs through a coiled torsion spring 94engaged between the spline 92 and the casing 81. The torsion spring 94urges the pinion 93 and the chuck jaw 95 carried by shaft 9| to turn ina clockwise direction. Journaled in the forward end of the casing 81 isa spur jaw shaft 96 carrying, on its inner end, a spur pinion 91 whichmeshes with the main shaft pinion 93. The forward end of the spur shaft96 carries a chuck jaw 98 which mates with the chuck jaw 95. 'As bestindicated in Figs. 9 and 10, the chuck jaws 95 areeach lined withrecessed blocks of relatively soft rubber or a like elastomer molded tofit in the jaws Strand 98 and to receive and hold firmlya cast 8 i cuphandle "blank-6, the :recesses :in .the. :blocks 99 being so orientedthat'thehandlei'blanksrheld in them when the chuckjaws are 'closedw'illibie positioned to 'be'cut to the proper "contour by "the contouredknives Hi9 and .H Di'at the handle cutting station'F.

Due to the torque exertedby thespring 94jthe jaw fi5 is urgedto-rotate'inza clockwise .direction, but movement beyondthe'verticalclosed position shown r in the drawings :is .limited .by thejaw-98,-urged in aiclockwisezdirection by the spring -94 through thepinions 93 and .591. lBy properly indexing the jaws rand-98 Joni-theshafts 8i and 9%, closing :of the .jawsin'ithe vertical positionshownvin the 'drawingsristzassured, the eifect of possible.backlashasithezipinions wear being eliminated, if"desired,:bysazsuitdble counter torsion spring l (notishown)iactingidirectly upon'the shaft 95 and urging it;in:a counterclockwisedirection independently 30f the :drive of the spring through theipinions93ztandr91.

The chuck jaws. 95 and 93 areiopenedL bym'eans of a short transverseshaft 83 journaleddnlth'e casing 81 behind the :spur jaw shaft dfipthetransverse i shaft being urgediin. a. 'co'unter-zclockwise direction by.a torsion spring 89:0onsiderably weaker than the spring 94.-Atiitstouterelend the shaft 38 carries a normally depending chuck leveriii!) and at its inner end theashaft 188 is provided with a hub liHcarrying 'anJeXte'nding eccentric cam pin it: iheld'a'gainstzlthesspline 92 by the spring 89. iFPorcing .of the dependingcam lever in a .countereclockwise direction, file. toward the chuck.jaws,'therefore, causes the pin 582 to cam the spline192 .and the 'ma'injaw shaft againstthe torque of the spring-94:=and thereby opening thechuck jaws "95: and QB. To permit precise operation of the-jaw =lever- IOD-by theopening-cam' lever I44 at the handle sticking station C, thelower end of the lever I ML carries the adjustable pressure bolt I03.

Handle loading and cutting stations Cast green clay handle blanks'6,'"suitably"dried and tempered for cutting, are deliveredto" thehandle loading operator" stationed "at thelhan'dle loading station E.Because it would. be difficult to load the handle blanks 6 into thechu"cks1"90 with the chuck jaws in their normal vertical dependingposition, the operator snaps the chuck 9E4 indexed at station E arounduntil'thejaws are in a substantially horizontal positionfthe ball-86unlatching to permit theichuck to rotate in its bearing 85. Then,pulling the chuck lever mi) forward toward herwith' one. hand, she loadsa handle blank 6 in the recess of a. rubber block as with the otherhand.Then, upon' releasing the lever H16, the chuck jawsnclose to'ho'ld'theblank 6. Either by gravity'or'with a twist ;imparted by the loadingoperator, the chuck is turned and latched in its normal position, usual-1y well before the turret 3 commences 'to'index and advance the loadedchuck to the handle cutting station F.

Automatic opening andclosing of "the chuck jaws may be obtainedinsomemodificationsby a suitable dog (not shown),'mountedon top'of thecase I, which strikesan abutment "on the bottom of the chuck casingB'lto turn the 'lower jaw to a horizontal position'as'a-chuck-"armfiflapproaches the unloading station; engagement or the pressure bolt I03with a suspendedcam "track opening said jaws by the time the chuckreaches its fully indexed position 'atstationE. Then with I the handleblank. placed" on -a chuck-flaw,

.9 indexing of the chuck. to. station: E" carries the pressure bolt 3past the suspended cam track to close the chuck jaws and a curved rackon. the case I, engaging a' segmental gear on: the casing 81, rotatesthe'chuck jaws around to their normal dependent vertical position beforethe chuck reaches the station F. In some modifications where a reversinggear is interposed between the jack shaft gear II and the turret gear 3|and the stations E and G are accordingly interchanged, the cam track foroperating the chuck lever I may be mounted on the case I, rather thanbeing suspended above the orbit of the chucks.

As a chuck 90 approaches the cutting station F, thetappets I3 lower thechuck onto the adjustable. stop nut I04 threaded. on the stop stud Iextending into the cutting knife mechanism housing I06 mounted on thecase I. g

Journaled in the housing I06 s the knife sleeve I0I which carries at itsouter end the outwardly extending contoured knife block I09 on which thecontoured knife I09 is mounted. The mating contoured knife H0 is mountedon the knife block III carried by the outer end of the knife shaft II2journaled in the sleeve I0I. The innerend of the sleeve I0! carries the'oifset crank arm II3 extending on the same side of the sleeve I0I asthe knife block I08, which it operates. The inner end of the shaft II2carries the crank arm II4, likewise extending on the same side of theshaft I I2 as the knife block I II which it operates. The spread ends ofthe crank arms H3 and H4 are provided with yoke pins H5 and II 6,respectively, which are retained in the yoke comprised of the horizontalyoke members II! and H0 of the cross-head H9. The cross-head I I9 is, inturn, mounted for vertical sliding movement by means of the pins I2Iwhich slide in the vertical ways I20 carried by housing I06.

The cross-head II 9 is normally urged downwardly by the compressionspring I22 engaged between the housing I06 and the upper yoke member III and guided by the stop stud I05. Downward movement of the cross-headis limited by the telescoping cam follower I23 which engages the loweryoke member H8 and comprised of a sleeve I24 journaled in the housingI06 and the capped rod I25 journaled in the sleeve I24, the rod I25being urged out of the sleeve I24 by means of the compression springI26. Telescopic movement of the rod I25 out of the sleeve I 24 islimited by thelimit screw I21 received in a slot in the rod I25. Thelower end of the follower sleeve I24 is provided with roller I 29 whichengages the edge of the cutter cam I29 carried on the outer end of theaxle of the beveled spider gear I8 located at station F.

Since the spider gears I6 make one complete revolution during eachindexing phase, the cam I29 closes the opposed cutting knives, contouredto the same shape as that of the cup body 5, once during each indexingphase by raising the cam follower I23 and the cross-head I I9 to furtherspread the crank arms H3 and H4 by means of the yoke members III andSand thereby close the normally open knives I09 and H9. The upwardmovement of the cross-head H9 is limited by the engagement of the upperyoke member I" by the stop stud I05, which is adjusted so that it willstop the upward travel of cross-head II9 just as the edges of the knivesI09 and I I 0.are about to touch, thereby preventing the knife edgesfrom being dulled by being banged together by the cam I29. To insurethat the. knives are closed,v an overtravel in the cam throw is providedfor, such overtravel being taken up by the spring I26 in the telescopingfollower I23 and the spring I26 being somewhat stiffer than thecompression spring I22. As the cam follower commences to drop, thespring I22, which also serves to cushion the stop of the cross-head II9, forces the cross-head downwardly, closing the spread crank arms H3and H4 and thereby opening the knives I09 and H0 for the next indexingphase. 1

Because the clay handle blanks 6 are held firmly in the chuck jaws up tothe locus of the desired cut and because the knives I09 and II 0 movetogether against opposite sides of the enlarged protruding ends of thehandle blanks, the clay is supported during the cut and clearly andprecisely out handles I are obtained from the. blanks 6. I I v Handledipping station When a chuck loaded with a cut handle] is indexed to thehandle dipping station G, it is brought to rest and supported at thedesired horizontal elevation by the adjustable stopbolt I3I carried bythe bracket I32 mounted on the case I. The stop bolt I3I supports thechuck 90 so thatthe slightly protruding cut endsof the handle I do notquite touch the upperjarea of the constantly. rotating dipping form I30contoured to the shape of the cup body 5- but, the ends are coated witha film of wetv clay slip 9 picked up by the lower area of the rotatingform I30 as it is turned in the bath of slip 9 inthe rotating containerI34. The form I30 is. supported on an axle- I35 which is supported atits inner end by the bracket I32 and at its outer end by the staff I33supported onthe gear case I.3I. Adjacent the bracket I32 the axle I35carries a beveled pinion I38 which meshes with a beveled ring gear I39carried on the outside of vtherotating container I34. The container ispinned to a plate I 41 carried above the gear easel 31, theverticalshaft I40 journaled therein. The shaft I40 carries within thegear case I3I abevel gear I4I which meshes with a bevel gear I42 mount?ed on an extended axle I43 of the beveled spider pinion I8 located atstationG. In order toprevent the slip ,9 from settling in the container,a, stationary steel strap I36, supportedat its ends on the gear case I3I,. is bent up over the edges of the container I34 anddown into thebody of slip within the container, serving as a stationary paazidletostir the slip 9 carried in the container Handle sticking station andunloading station When a cut and dipped handle I is indexed from stationG to the handle sticking station C it is lowered, by operation of thetappet I3, onto the cup body 5 carried on the chuck 26 which was indexedto station C simultaneously withthe indexing of the arm I0 which carriesthe handle in its chuck 90. To insure that thearm I0 and the spindle 22are aligned above each other and are not still moving toward'eachfotherat the instant the handle I is pressed on the body 5 by the weight ofthe chuck 90, the lower portion of the tappet cam 11 at station C may bemade a little longer than on the other tappetcams.

The clay slip 9 carried on the cut ends of the handle I is generallysuflicient to adhere the acre-n01 11 Sand also to work the clay of thecutrh'andl'e, still' slightly plastic and moistened by the slip 9, sothat'any di'sconformity between the contour of the-cup and thecont'ourof the cut handle ends will be Worked out, it is desirable torub the handle 1 slightly on thebody 5.

Rubbing isobtained by means of a flexible shaft 33" connected'beyond theopening cam 32, to the end of the axle carrying the-beveled spiderpinion- 11 located at'station C; The flexible shaft 33 is bent aroundthe jack shaft I and its other endisconneote'd-to a rubbing cam shaft 34hu-ng below the spindle 2'2 atstati'on C. The end of the cam shaft 34 isprovided with a hub 35 on which islocated a small cammingbump 36. Africtiongear 31-" i'shung' in-the casin I beneath the turretz to engagethe friction gear 23 of a spindle 22 in the same manner as the frictiongears 21 and 41 are hung at stations A andB. The friction gear 31,however, isprovided with an eccentric roller 38 and a tension spring 39connected between the rim" of the gear 31 and a suitable-portion of thecase I', the tension spring 39" preventing. the gear 31 from revolvingand resilientlyholding the eccentric roller 38 against the hub 35. Itshould be noted that the friction gear. 31, being so held bythe spring39, by engagement with the spindle friction gears 23', serves to brakeand stop the spindles 22, which may still' be rotating as they areindexed to station C;

Since the beveled spider pinions make one complete revolution during, anindexing phase, the camming bump 36 will strike the eccentricr'oller'38" sharply once while a spindle 22 is at station C, therebymoving the cup sharply, while it is being pressed with thecut and dippedhandle, through a few degrees and then back toits initial position. Theforward movement of the. cup is transferred from the camming action of.the bump 36' through thegears 31 and 23 tothe spindle 212. The returnmovement is caused by the. retraction of the spring 39 as the bump 36moves past the roller 38. The slight rubbing of the cut ends of thehandle on the cup bodyfi, so obtained, insures a firm adherence of thehandle to the cup body.

When adhered to the cup body 5 to form. the completed cu-p 8, the handle1 must be. freed from the jaws of the chuck 90. This is accomplishedbymeans of a-cyli'ndrical opening cam 32 mounted on the end of the samebevel spider pinion axle to which the flexible shaft 33 is connected.The opening cam lever I44 extends through an opening (closed by aflexible boot I-45) in thecase I, on which. it is pivoted and extendsupwardly to a point alongside the chuck casing 81 and behind thepressure bolt I03 of the chuck lever I00 of the chuck 90 at station C.(The chuck. 90 is raised above the cam lever I44 and passes over it asthe chuck is indexed to station C.) The lower end of theopening leverI44 is provided with a roller whichis held on the cylindrical face of.thecam 32 by a tension spring I46 Just before the turretsZ and 3 areindexed and before the tappet 13 raises the arm 10,--but after thehandle 1 has'been rubbed on the cup body 5, the roller of the openinglever I44 is pulled into the dip I41 of the cam 32, thereby pushing thechuck lever I00 forward and opening the chuck jaws which had held thehandle, At that instant the tappet 13 comspindle 22 is engaged with thefixed friction gear I2 31 the". spindle: Zlrotatesias thev turret 2:;is; engaged, rolling' the: cup; handle. 1 down as; the opened chuck jawsrise 1 and" move. to; theahandle loading: station. E; Thus; the: handle:1 on. the finished cup is" clearedfrom. the jaws. of: the chuck astheturretstindex;

the spindle 22 reaches the; unloading station D, the unloading operatorsimply grips the top of" the; finished cup 8iniher finger tips, removes,it: from thezichuck ZBrand. passes? it to. a sponger, whefettles offanyituming tool: marks or the like before placing. the xliandledi cup:on the conveyor or warei'boardemployedito carry the cups to the drierpreparatory for firing, in thekil'n.

From the foregoing it is. evident: that; various elements of" thepreferred embodimentt'of :my'cup handling machine. may: be altered ormodified and that the varioussub-combinations, such as the turningmechanism, handle cutting mechanism, handledipping mechanism, andthehandle sticking mechanism may be-built separately and prove to-beofutility apart from the entire combination disclosed. My invention,therefore, is not limited tothe specific embodiment disclosed but may bemodified and varied within the scope of the following; claims withoutdeparting from the purpose and spirit thereof.

What is claimed is: I

1. In a cup turning andhandling machine, means to convey a green cupbody from a cup loading station to a' cup body turninggstation andthence to a cup handling station, means to turn said cup body at saidturning station, means to cut and shapesaid cup'body at said turningstation as said cupzbody'is turned, means to. convey. a: green cuphandle from a loading station to a handle cutting station, and thencetosaidhandling station, means to out said handle at said handle cuttingstation, the. courses of said cup body conveying means and saidccuphandling conveying means coinciding at said cup handling stationto'press and adhere cup handles oncup bodies thereat, and means to.cause one of. said conveying means to release atsaid' hane dlingstation. I

2; In a cup turning and handlingmachine, a cup body turret, a cup bodychuck carried by said bodyturret adapted toconvey. a green cup bodysuccessivelyfrom av body loading station to a cup turning station andthence. to. a cup handling station, means=to turn said cup body at saidturning station, mean-stocutand shape said cup body at saidturningstation as said cup body is turned, a cuphandleturret, a handle chuckcarried by said: turret adapted to'convey a green cup handlesuccessivelyfroma" handle loading station to a handle cutting station,t0 a handle dipping station, and thence tosaid cup handling station,means to out said handle at'said hand-le cutting station, means to dipsaid handle at said handle dipping station, means" to rotate saidturrets synchronously, said'turrets being spaced with respect to eachother to provide tangent orbits of the body and handle carried by saidrespective chucks at said handling station, and means to adhere thehandle to the cup body and release the handle from said handlechuckwhile said chucks are at said handling station and before said bodychuck conveys the handled cup body away from said handling station 3. Amachine as definedin claim 2 including means to rub the handle andbodywith respect toeach other for an'instantwhile the handle and 13 body areheld tangent to each other at said handling station.

4. In a cup handling and turning machine, a body turret and a handleturret; rotatable spindles carried by said body turret and cup bodychucks on said spindles, means to index said spindles intermittentlyfrom a body loading station to a body turning station, and thence to acup handling station, means to rotate said spindles at said turningstation, cup turning tools at said turning station and means to advanceand retract said turning tools against a green cup body to turn thesame; handle chuck arms mounted on said handle turret, handle chuckscarried on said arms, means to index said handle turret synchronouslywith said cup turret and to convey handles carried by said chuckssuccessively from a loading station to a handle cutting station, to ahandle dipping station and thence to said handling station so that a cutcup handle and a turned cup body arrive at said handling stationsubstantially simultaneously, said cup turret and said handle turretbeing spaced with respect to each other so that the orbits of the cupbodies and the cup handles are tangent at said handling stations, meansto lift said chuck arms as said handle turret is moved from said dippingstation to said handling station and lower said arm at said handlingstation and thereby press the cut cup handle on the turned cup body atthe handling station, means to rub the cup body against the cut cuphandle for an instant while said handle and body are at said handlingstation and thereby complete the adherence of the handle to the body,means to release the handle from the handle chuck after the adherence ofthe handle to the body and at least as soon as the cup chuck is indexedaway from the handling station.

5. A cup turning and handling machine as defined in claim 4, in whichsaid chuck comprises a pair of chuck jaws normally closing against eachother but at least one of said jaws being swingable away from a closedposition to release a handle engaged therein, soft resilient materialcarried in the faces of said jaws, said material having mating recessesto receive all but the ends of a green cup handle and to-support thegreen cup handle so that the ends thereof protrude from the chuck jaws.

6. In a cup turning and handling machine as defined in claim including apair of normally open, opposed contoured knives at said handle cuttingstation, means to move said knives toward each other in a closedposition lying in the plane defined by the faces of the closed chuckjaws when a chuck is indexed at the cutting station, a chuck indexed atsaid cutting station being spaced with respect to said knives so thatsaid knives, when closing, trim the protruding ends of a cup handlecarried by the chuck by cutting toward the center of the handle ends.

'7. In a cup turning and handling machine as defined in claim 6, acontainer at said handle dipping station adapted toreceive clay slip, atrans- 1 Number fer form mounted above said container, said transferform having a contour similar to that of a turned cup body to which ahandle is to be applied, and means to rotate said form about an axis sothat a portion of said form on one side of said axis receives a coatingof slip from said container, said form being mounted so that said slipon said rotated form is applied to the cut ends of a cup handle carriedby a chunk indexed at said handle dipping station.

8. A cup handling and turning machine as defined in claim 7, includingmeans for pivotally mounting said chucks on said chuck arms, and meansnormally but releasably holding each chuck at a fixed position on itssupporting arm, whereby said chucks may be pivoted from their normalfixed position at said cutting, dipping and handling stations tofacilitate the loading of green cup handles in said chuck jaws.

9. A cup handling and turning machine as defined in claim 8, in whichsaid turning tools at said turning station comprise a foot facing tool,a lip cutting tool and a body cutting tool, and said means to advanceand retract said body tool in-. clude means to rock said body tool as itis advanced, said body tool having a cutting edge contoured so that thedesired cup body contour cut by said tool is the contour generated bythe combined contour of the cutting edge and the rocking movement of thecutting tool.

10. A cup handling and turning machine as defined in claim 9 includingmeans operating the cutting tool advancing and retracting means in timedrelationship with the cup turret indexing means to advance and retractsaid tools during a period in which a cup body chuck is indexed at saidcutting station.

JACOB JORDAN.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Name Date Broone Jan. 15, 1895 Juengst Apr. 16,1912 Nye Oct. 29, 1918 McElroy et al Apr. 22, 1919 Dengler June 10, 1930Miller Feb. 28, 1939 Lane et al. Dec. 10, 1940 Zalewski et al. Feb. 2',1943 Miller Oct. 24, 1944 Emerson Apr. 24, 1945 Miller et al Apr. 24,1945 Bloore Dec.- 31, 1946 Emerson Dec. 7, 1948 Allen June 28, 1949Drake Aug. 9, 1949 FOREIGN PATENTS Country Date Great Britain Mar. 18,1931 Number

